RB-Y1

Rainbow Robotics

South Korea

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The RB-Y1 is Rainbow Robotics' humanoid research platform, and the company is careful about what that means: it says outright that this is not a finished robot for one task but a mobile dual-arm platform for experimenting with manipulation, mobility and perception in real physical environments, built for AI manipulation learning, teleoperation and whole-body control research. The design decisions follow from that. It stands 1.4 m tall on a 600 by 690 mm footprint and weighs 131 kg in its standard configuration, with 20 degrees of freedom across two wheels, six-degree-of-freedom legs, two seven-degree-of-freedom arms and a two-degree-of-freedom head; a four-wheel configuration raises that to 26 DOF and 170 kg. Each arm lifts 3 kg and reaches 600 mm to the wrist before the hand, with plus or minus 0.05 mm repeatability inherited from the company's collaborative robots. The wheels are the point: it treats mobility and manipulation as one integrated task rather than two, and drives at 1.5 m/s. Underneath sits a dual-PC architecture that keeps real-time control and safety on the Robot PC while the User PC runs ROS 2, the RB-Y1 SDK and user code, and the control structure is left deliberately open so researchers can build optimal, impedance or whole-body controllers rather than accept a fixed one. The research loop is closed properly: a URDF, MJCF and USD model lets algorithms be validated in simulation first, then Learning from Demonstration data is collected through a leader arm or VR teaching and pushed to the robot through the same SDK interface. Power is 48 VDC with a 1,250 Wh or 2,500 Wh battery, the exterior is aluminium, and a joint brake structure holds posture even when power is cut, which matters for long repeated experiments.